“of erecting and maintaining certain public works and certain public institutions”
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Figure timeline
Adam Smith
Adam Smith was a Scottish economist and philosopher who was a pioneer in the field of political economy and key figure during the Scottish Enlightenment. Seen by many as the "father of economics", or the "father of capitalism", he is primarily known for two classic works: The Theory of Moral Sentiments (1759) and An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations (1776). The latter, often abbreviated as The Wealth of Nations, is regarded as his magnum opus, marking the inception of modern economic scholarship as a comprehensive system and an academic discipline. Smith refuses to explain the distribution of wealth and power in terms of divine will and instead appeals to natural, political, social, economic, legal, environmental and technological factors, as well as the interactions among them. The work is notable for its contribution to economic theory, particularly in its exposition of the concept of absolute advantage.
culture · Scottish economist and philosopher (1723–1790) · economist · non-fiction writer · philosopher · writer · university teacher · French moralist · publisher · political economist · also Adam Smith, Smiths, Smith
Born 5 June 1723 · Died 17 July 1790 · Q9381
75 published statements · 0 followers
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Even those publick works which are of such a nature that they cannot afford any revenue for maintaining themselves ... are always better maintained by a local or provincial revenue, under the management of a local and provincial administration, than by the general revenue of the state
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20265 items
“Even those publick works which are of such a nature that they cannot afford any revenue for maintaining themselves ... are always better maintained by a local or provincial revenue, under the management of a local and provincial administration, than by the general revenue of the state”
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“support the whole of society”
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“I am a beau in nothing but my books.”
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Carnegie Mellon University: Smith Earns Steinbrenner Doctoral Fellowship and Presidential Fellowship
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20204 items
Published “Array programming with NumPy” in Nature — cited 23,644 times.
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Published “Array programming with NumPy” in Nature — cited 23,636 times.
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Published “SciPy 1.0: fundamental algorithms for scientific computing in Python” in Nature Methods — cited 36,768 times.
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Published “SciPy 1.0: fundamental algorithms for scientific computing in Python” in Nature Methods — cited 36,785 times.
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20181 item
It was formally opened as a study centre in Smith's honour
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20152 items
Published “A global reference for human genetic variation” in Nature — cited 17,839 times.
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Published “GROMACS: High performance molecular simulations through multi-level parallelism from laptops to supercomputers” in SoftwareX — cited 25,489 times.
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20133 items
“Si può invero dubitare che la carne sia un genere di necessità. Si sa per esperienza che il grano e gli altri vegetali, insieme con latte, formaggio e burro o olio dove non c'è burro, possono fornire anche senza carne la più ricca, sana, nutriente ed energetica delle diete. (lib. V, cap. II, parte II, appendice agli articoli I e II; 2013)”
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“La gente dello stesso mestiere raramente si incontra, anche solo per divertimento e diporto, senza che la conversazione finisca in una cospirazione contro il pubblico o in qualche escogitazione per aumentare i prezzi. (libro I, cap. X, parte II; 2013)”
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“Per la maggior parte dei ricchi il principale godimento delle ricchezze consiste nel farne mostra. (libro I, cap. XI, parte II; 2013)”
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20081 item
The house was purchased by the Edinburgh Business School at Heriot-Watt University and funds were raised for its restoration
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20061 item
“Adam Smith, conforme relatado por Singh, Simon - Big Bang - Editora Record - Rio de Janeiro / São Paulo - 2006. ISBN: 85-01-07213-3 (pág. 459)”
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20051 item
The Wealth of Nations was named among the 100 Best Scottish Books of all time
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20031 item
Published “Geant4—a simulation toolkit” in Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment — cited 21,329 times.
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20021 item
“Il merito di Smith consiste nella sua abilità nel presentare argomenti che si sono rivelati essenziali nell'interpretazione dello stadio commerciale e industriale della storia, e nella profonda influenza che egli esercitò sugli economisti successivi in Inghilterra, in Francia, e in realtà dovunque si sia scritto di economia. (da Peter D. Groenewegen e Gianni Vaggi, Il pensiero economico, 2002)”
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20012 items
Published “Initial sequencing and analysis of the human genome” in Nature — cited 18,635 times.
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Published “Initial sequencing and analysis of the human genome” in Nature — cited 18,636 times.
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19981 item
Published “Observational Evidence from Supernovae for an Accelerating Universe and a Cosmological Constant” in The Astronomical Journal — cited 16,307 times.
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19971 item
Published “Bias in meta-analysis detected by a simple, graphical test” in BMJ — cited 48,738 times.
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19911 item
“[Adam Smith, La ricchezza delle nazioni. Abbozzo, trad. di Valentino Parlato, Editori Riuniti, 1991. ISBN 8835942004]”
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19873 items
“Letter to Henry Dundas (1 November 1779), quoted in Adam Smith, The Correspondence of Adam Smith, eds. E. C. Mossner and I. S. Ross (1987), p. 241”
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“Letter to William Strahan (4 April 1760), quoted in Adam Smith, The Correspondence of Adam Smith, eds. E. C. Mossner and I. S. Ross (1987), p. 68”
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“Letter to William Strahan (4 April 1760), quoted in Adam Smith, The Correspondence of Adam Smith, eds. E. C. Mossner and I. S. Ross (1987), pp. 67–68”
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19861 item
“Letter to Alexander Wedderburn 14 August 1776. The Correspondence of Adam Smith edited by E.C. Mossner and Ian Simpson Ross, 2nd edition, Oxford University Press 1986. The Future Hope in Adam Smith’s System, Paul Oslington”
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19852 items
Published “Measurement of protein using bicinchoninic acid” in Analytical Biochemistry — cited 16,799 times.
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Published “Measurement of protein using bicinchoninic acid” in Analytical Biochemistry — cited 16,801 times.
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19762 items
200 years after the publishing of The Wealth of Nations, that the work of Adam Smith was, "
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Resulting in increased interest for The Theory of Moral Sentiments and his other works throughout academia
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19562 items
Published “Colorimetric Method for Determination of Sugars and Related Substances” in Analytical Chemistry — cited 42,354 times.
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Published “Colorimetric Method for Determination of Sugars and Related Substances” in Analytical Chemistry — cited 42,359 times.
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19481 item
“Il consumo è il solo fine e scopo di ogni produzione; e non si dovrebbe mai prender cura dell'interesse del produttore, se non in quanto ciò possa tornare necessario per promuovere quello del consumatore. La massima è così perfettamente evidente di per se stessa che sarebbe assurdo tentare di dimostrarla. (1948, p. 601)”
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19261 item
“Was man Zuneigung nennt, ist in Wirklichkeit nichts anderes als eingewurzelte, gewohnheitsmäßige Sympathie." - Theorie der ethischen Gefühle. Deutsch von Walther Eckstein (1926). Felix Meiner Hamburg 2010 S. 357 books.google”
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19004 items
Awarded Fellow of the Royal Society of Arts.
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Studied at University of Glasgow.
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Studied at Kirkcaldy High School.
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Studied at Balliol College.
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18791 item
Her portion of the library went intact to the New College (of the Free Church) in Edinburgh and the collection was transferred to the University of Edinburgh Main Library in 1972
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18463 items
“Nicht von dem Wohlwollen des Fleischers, Brauers oder Bäckers erwarten wir unsere Mahlzeit, sondern von ihrer Bedachtnahme auf ihr eigenes Interesse." - Untersuchungen über das Wesen und die Ursachen des Nationalreichthums. Deutsch von Max Stirner. Erster Band. Leipzig 1846. S. 26 books.google”
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Shifting Britain to a policy of free trade and empire "on the cheap" for decades to come
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“Es kann sicherlich eine Gesellschaft nicht blühend und glücklich sein, deren meiste Glieder arm und elend sind." - Untersuchungen über das Wesen und die Ursachen des Nationalreichthums. Deutsch von Max Stirner. Erster Band. Leipzig 1846. S. 110 books.google”
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18431 item
“Es gibt keine Kunst, welche eine Regierung schneller von der andern lernt, als die, dem Volke Geld aus der Tasche zu locken" - zitiert in Staats-Lexikon oder Encyklopädie der Staatswissenschaften, herausgegeben von Carl von Rotteck und Karl [Theodor] Welcker. Funfzehnter Band. Altona 1843. Sichwort: Stempel S. 159 books.google”
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18141 item
“An inquiry into the nature and causes of the wealth of nations. With notes, and an additional vol., by D. Buchanan - Volume 1, Página 215, Adam Smith, David Buchanan - 1814”
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179025 items
Died 1790-07-17.
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“La ciencia es el gran antídoto contra el veneno del entusiasmo y la superstición.”
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“A man must always live by his work, and his wages must at least be sufficient to maintain him. They must even upon most occasions be somewhat more, otherwise it would be impossible for him to bring up a family, and the race of such workmen could not last beyond the first generation. (ang.)”
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“schottischer Moralphilosoph und Ökonom”
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“Nada se olvida tan pronto como el dolor. En el momento en que se va se acaba toda la agonía, y el pensar en él no nos causa perturbación alguna.”
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“The Union was a measure from which infinite Good has been derived to this country.”
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“Perseveramos en la injusticia meramente porque una vez fuimos injustos, y porque nos avergüenza y tememos comprobar que así fue.”
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“But man has almost constant occasion for the help of his brethren, and it is in vain for him to expect it from their benevolence only. He will be more likely to prevail if he can interest their self-love in his favour, and shew them that it is for their own advantage to do for him what he requires of them. (ang.)”
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“La società non può sussistere a meno che le leggi della giustizia non siano accettabilmente osservate, poiché nessun rapporto sociale può realizzarsi tra uomini che non si astengano dall'offendersi l'un l'altro.”
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“Poor David Hume is dying very fast, but with great cheerfulness and good humour and with more real resignation to the necessary course of things then any whining Christian ever dyed with pretended resignation to the will of God.”
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“Si abordas una situación como asunto de vida o muerte, morirás muchas veces.”
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“Mając na celu swój własny interes, człowiek często popiera interesy społeczeństwa skuteczniej niż wtedy, gdy zamierza służyć im rzeczywiście.”
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“Państwo jest bogate bogactwem swych obywateli.”
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“L'intero prodotto della terra e del lavoro di un paese si divide in tre parti: di esse, una è destinata ai salari, un'altra ai profitti e l'altra alle rendite. E solo dalle ultime due parti che si possono fare deduzioni per le imposte o per il risparmio; la prima, se modesta, costituisce null'altro che le necessarie spese della produzione.”
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“Our merchants and master manufacturers complain much of the bad effects of high wages in raising the price, and thereby lessening the sale of their goods both at home and abroad. They say nothing concerning the bad effects of high profits. They are silent with regard to the pernicious effects of their own gains. They complain only of those of other people. (ang.)”
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“Człowiek jest jedynym zwierzęciem, które robi interesy. Czy widział kto, by pies wymieniał kości z drugim psem?”
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“A ambição universal dos homens é viver colhendo o que nunca plantaram.”
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“It is not very unreasonable that the rich should contribute to the public expence, not only in proportion to their revenue, but something more than in that proportion.”
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“Bardzo mało jest wymagane, by doprowadzić państwo do dobrobytu nawet z najniższego poziomu barbarzyństwa, mianowicie pokój, niskie podatki i tolerancyjne kierowanie sferą sprawiedliwości.”
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“Nobody ever saw a dog make a fair and deliberate exchange of one bone for another with another dog. (ang.)”
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“In una società civile l'uomo ha continuamente bisogno della cooperazione e dell'assistenza di un gran numero di persone.”
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“A merchant, it has been said very properly, is not necessarily the citizen of any particular country. It is in a great measure indifferent to him from what place he carries on his trade; and a very trifling disgust will make him remove his capital; and, together with it, all the industry which it supports. (ang.)”
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“I monopolisti, mantenendo il mercato continuamente in condizioni di scarsità... vendono i loro prodotti molto al di sopra del prezzo naturale.”
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“Zobacz też: człowiek, pies, zwierzę”
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“What is prudence in the conduct of every private family, can scarce be folly in that of a great kingdom. (ang.)”
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17831 item
Awarded Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh (1783).
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17671 item
Awarded Fellow of the Royal Society (1767).
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17231 item
Born 1723-06-05.
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